Urea and
creatinine are end products of nitrogen metabolism. Urea is produced from
dietary protein and protein turnover tissues. Muscle creatine catabolism
product creatinine. In Europe, all the urea molecule, which has been taken into account,
while in the U.S., only the component of the urea
nitrogen (BUN or BUN, c. - to-BUN or almost) is measured. Urea is about half
(28/60 or 0.446) of urea in the blood.
BUN
creatinine ratio is the ratio of BUN to serum creatinine. Creatinine is a
breakdown product of creatine phosphate in muscle. It is normally produced at a
constant speed through the body, however, can vary according to the muscle
mass. Men have more muscle mass than women and therefore tend to be higher
creatinine levels than women. Vegetarians tend to have lower levels of
creatinine. The kidneys play an important role in filtering the removal of
creatinine or creatinine in the blood. When the kidneys do not properly filter
blood, serum creatinine levels are detected. If a more comprehensive assessment
of renal function or to do, then the blood (plasma) concentration of creatinine,
urea can be drawn from the review with the. Measurement of urea and creatinine
in the detection of problems other than those relating to the kidney. For
example, a disproportionate rise in urea compared to creatinine indicate a
problem such as volume depletion hyperuremia prerenal. Creatinine levels in
urine can help you calculate the creatinine clearance, which reflects the
glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The glomeruli are the tiny capillaries that
filter blood during urine formation. The GFR is clinically important that renal
function can be assessed by the glomerular filtration rate.
Values urea
The normal
range of BUN is approximately 5 to 20 mg / dl or 1.8 to 7.1 mmol per liter of
urea. The spectrum is broad compared to normal variations due to protein
intake, endogenous protein catabolism, hydration status, renal and hepatic
synthesis of urea excretion of urea. For example, a roll of 15 show mg / dl
"significantly affected" function for a woman in the third trimester
of pregnancy, a farmer hard, 125 g of excess protein consumed daily, a bun 20
may have normal mg / dl. The higher rate among pregnant women glomerular
filtration rate (GFR), the expanded extracellular fluid volume and anabolism in
the developing fetus are responsible for their relatively low BUN 5-7 mg / dl.
A high
BUN, in the case of heart failure diabetes, gastrointestinal bleeding (GI),
dehydration, renal failure, hypertension, etc., dry itchy skin, insomnia,
nausea, fatigue, etc., Some have noticed that most, symptoms BUN.
Creatinine
levels
Normal
serum creatinine (Cr) may vary depending on the mass of the person's muscular
body and the methods used to measure them. For adult men, normal creatinine
levels of 0.6 to 1.2 mg / dL or 53-106 mmol / L by enzymatic or kinetic
methods, and from 0.8 to 1.5 mg / dL or 70 to 133 mmol / L from the more manual
Jaffé reaction. Enough for an adult woman, one normal levels of blood
creatinine 0.5 to 1.1 mg / dl or 44-97 mmol / L by the enzymatic method.
Normally,
BUN and creatinine, a ratio of 10.01 bis 20.01 clock to display when the
patient's age is greater than twelve months. For babies under 12 months, the
ratio may be about 30:1. Normal values should be BUN 5-15 mg / dL for
children 8-23 mg / dL for adults and 5-12 mg / dL during pregnancy.
A
BUN-creatinine ratio greater than 20:1, will be observed as BUN and creatinine,
usually when the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decreases designated. Low
levels of creatinine BUN, where the ratio BUN to creatinine is less than 10:1,
indicating reabsorption of BUN reduced due to kidney damage. The reduced muscle
mass, elderly patients have a BUN: Cr ratio at the beginning of the study.
Low BUN
creatinine indicate an inadequate protein intake, urea synthesis reduced in
advanced liver disease, excessive excretion of urea as in sickle cell anemia,
high creatinine production in rhabdomyolysis, or a more efficient removal of
urea to creatinine during dialysis.
External
factors are the level of blood urea and creatinine, high protein intake,
gastrointestinal bleeding, fever, burns, excessive use of steroids, hunger,
malnutrition, urinary tract obstruction, dehydration, etc., by measuring the
concentrations of urea and creatinine in regular intervals allows the kidneys
and other organs. Caution!
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